The system.large_* tables¶

Scylla performs better if partitions, rows, or cells are not too large. To help diagnose cases where these grow too large, scylla keeps 3 tables that record large partitions (including those with too many rows), rows, and cells, respectively.

The meaning of an entry in each of these tables is similar. It means that there is a particular sstable with a large partition, row, cell, or a partition with too many rows. In particular, this implies that:

• There is no entry until compaction aggregates enough data in a single sstable.

• The entry stays around until the sstable is deleted.

In addition, the entries also have a TTL of 30 days.

system.large_partitions¶

Large partition table can be used to trace largest partitions in a cluster. Partitions with too many rows are also recorded there.

Schema:

CREATE TABLE system.large_partitions (
    keyspace_name text,
    table_name text,
    sstable_name text,
    partition_size bigint,
    partition_key text,
    rows bigint,
    compaction_time timestamp,
    PRIMARY KEY ((keyspace_name, table_name), sstable_name, partition_size, partition_key)
) WITH CLUSTERING ORDER BY (sstable_name ASC, partition_size DESC, partition_key ASC);

SELECT * FROM system.large_partitions;

SELECT * FROM system.large_partitions WHERE keyspace_name = 'ks1' and table_name = 'standard1';

system.large_rows¶

Large row table can be used to trace large clustering and static rows in a cluster.

This table is currently only used with the MC format (issue #4868).

Schema:

CREATE TABLE system.large_rows (
    keyspace_name text,
    table_name text,
    sstable_name text,
    row_size bigint,
    partition_key text,
    clustering_key text,
    compaction_time timestamp,
    PRIMARY KEY ((keyspace_name, table_name), sstable_name, row_size, partition_key, clustering_key)
) WITH CLUSTERING ORDER BY (sstable_name ASC, row_size DESC, partition_key ASC, clustering_key ASC);

SELECT * FROM system.large_rows;

SELECT * FROM system.large_rows WHERE keyspace_name = 'ks1' and table_name = 'standard1';

system.large_cells¶

Large cell table can be used to trace large cells in a cluster.

This table is currently only used with the MC format (issue #4868).

Schema:

CREATE TABLE system.large_cells (
    keyspace_name text,
    table_name text,
    sstable_name text,
    cell_size bigint,
    partition_key text,
    clustering_key text,
    column_name text,
    compaction_time timestamp,
    PRIMARY KEY ((keyspace_name, table_name), sstable_name, cell_size, partition_key, clustering_key, column_name)
) WITH CLUSTERING ORDER BY (sstable_name ASC, cell_size DESC, partition_key ASC, clustering_key ASC, column_name ASC)

Note that a collection is just one cell. There is no information about the size of each collection element.

SELECT * FROM system.large_cells;

SELECT * FROM system.large_cells WHERE keyspace_name = 'ks1' and table_name = 'standard1';

system.truncated¶

Holds truncation replay positions per table and shard

Schema:

CREATE TABLE system.truncated (
    table_uuid uuid,    # id of truncated table
    shard int,          # shard
    position int,       # replay position
    segment_id bigint,  # replay segment
    truncated_at timestamp static,  # truncation time
    PRIMARY KEY (table_uuid, shard)
) WITH CLUSTERING ORDER BY (shard ASC)

When a table is truncated, sstables are removed and the current replay position for each shard (last mutation to be committed to either sstable or memtable) is collected. These are then inserted into the above table, using shard as clustering.

When doing commitlog replay (in case of a crash), the data is read from the above table and mutations are filtered based on the replay positions to ensure truncated data is not resurrected.

Note that until the above table was added, truncation records where kept in the truncated_at map column in the system.local table. When booting up, scylla will merge the data in the legacy store with data the truncated table. Until the whole cluster agrees on the feature TRUNCATION_TABLE truncation will write both new and legacy records. When the feature is agreed upon the legacy map is removed.

system.cluster_status¶

Contain information about the status of each endpoint in the cluster. Equivalent of the nodetool status command.

Schema:

CREATE TABLE system.cluster_status (
    peer inet PRIMARY KEY,
    dc text,
    host_id uuid,
    load text,
    owns float,
    status text,
    tokens int,
    up boolean
)

Implemented by cluster_status_table in db/system_keyspace.cc.

system.protocol_servers¶

The list of all the client-facing data-plane protocol servers and listen addresses (if running). Equivalent of the nodetool statusbinary plus the Thrift active and Native Transport active fields from nodetool info.

TODO: include control-plane diagnostics-plane protocols here too.

Schema:

CREATE TABLE system.protocol_servers (
    name text PRIMARY KEY,
    is_running boolean,
    listen_addresses frozen<list<text>>,
    protocol text,
    protocol_version text
)

Columns:

• name - the name/alias of the server, this is sometimes different than the protocol the server serves, e.g.: the CQL server is often called “native”;

• listen_addresses - the addresses this server listens on, empty if the server is not running;

• protocol - the name of the protocol this server serves;

• protocol_version - the version of the protocol this server understands;

Implemented by protocol_servers_table in db/system_keyspace.cc.

system.size_estimates¶

Size estimates for individual token-ranges of each keyspace/table.

Schema:

CREATE TABLE system.size_estimates (
    keyspace_name text,
    table_name text,
    range_start text,
    range_end text,
    mean_partition_size bigint,
    partitions_count bigint,
    PRIMARY KEY (keyspace_name, table_name, range_start, range_end)
)

Implemented by size_estimates_mutation_reader in db/size_estimates_virtual_reader.{hh,cc}.

system.snapshots¶

The list of snapshots on the node. Equivalent to the nodetool listsnapshots command.

Schema:

CREATE TABLE system.snapshots (
    keyspace_name text,
    table_name text,
    snapshot_name text,
    live bigint,
    total bigint,
    PRIMARY KEY (keyspace_name, table_name, snapshot_name)
)

Implemented by snapshots_table in db/system_keyspace.cc.

system.runtime_info¶

Runtime specific information, like memory stats, memtable stats, cache stats and more. Data is grouped so that related items stay together and are easily queried. Roughly equivalent of the nodetool info, nodetool gettraceprobability and nodetool statusgossup commands.

Schema:

CREATE TABLE system.runtime_info (
    group text,
    item text,
    value text,
    PRIMARY KEY (group, item)
)

Implemented by runtime_info_table in db/system_keyspace.cc.

system.token_ring¶

The ring description for each keyspace. Equivalent of the nodetool describe_ring $KEYSPACE command (when filtered for WHERE keyspace=$KEYSPACE). Overlaps with the output of nodetool ring.

Schema:

CREATE TABLE system.token_ring (
    keyspace_name text,
    start_token text,
    endpoint inet,
    dc text,
    end_token text,
    rack text,
    PRIMARY KEY (keyspace_name, start_token, endpoint)
)

Implemented by token_ring_table in db/system_keyspace.cc.

system.versions¶

All version-related information. Equivalent of nodetool version command, but contains more versions.

Schema:

CREATE TABLE system.versions (
    key text PRIMARY KEY,
    build_id text,
    build_mode text,
    compatible_version text,
    version text
)

Implemented by versions_table in db/system_keyspace.cc.

system.config¶

Holds all configuration variables in use

Schema:

CREATE TABLE system.config (
    name text PRIMARY KEY,
    source text,
    type text,
    value text
)

The source of the option is one of ‘default’, ‘config’, ‘cli’, ‘cql’ or ‘internal’ which means the value wasn’t changed from its default, was configured via config file, was set by commanline option or via updating this table, or was deliberately configured by Scylla internals. Any way the option was updated overrides the previous one, so shown here is the latest one used.

The type denotes the variable type like ‘string’, ‘bool’, ‘integer’, etc. Including some scylla-internal configuration types.

The value is shown as it would appear in the json config file.

The table can be updated with the UPDATE statement. The accepted value parameter must (of course) be a text, it’s converted to the target configuration value as needed.

system.clients¶

Holds information about clients connections

Schema:

CREATE TABLE system.clients (
    address inet,
    port int,
    client_type text,
    connection_stage text,
    driver_name text,
    driver_version text,
    hostname text,
    protocol_version int,
    shard_id int,
    ssl_cipher_suite text,
    ssl_enabled boolean,
    ssl_protocol text,
    username text,
    PRIMARY KEY (address, port, client_type)
) WITH CLUSTERING ORDER BY (port ASC, client_type ASC)

Currently only CQL clients are tracked. The table used to be present on disk (in data directory) before and including version 4.5.

TODO: the rest¶